在礦山開采領域(yu)中，對銅鉛(qian)鋅(xin)多金屬(shu)硫化(hua)礦進行(xing)浮選分離一直(zhi)是個(ge)難題(ti)。三門(men)峽市黃(huang)金設計(ji)院一直(zhi)致力于對該領域(yu)進行(xing)研究(jiu)，目前已找到(dao)銅鉛(qian)再磨分離作(zuo)業(ye)較為合適的藥劑方(fang)案。
一般(ban)來說，礦(kuang)石性質(zhi)不(bu)同，浮選分離的工藝流程也稍(shao)有差異。在研究確定礦(kuang)石性質(zhi)之后，還要根(gen)據礦(kuang)石中主要金屬礦(kuang)物的嵌布(bu)關系(xi)，銅礦(kuang)物嵌布(bu)特點等，才(cai)能(neng)確定采(cai)取何種流程為較佳。
在采礦實(shi)踐活動中，銅鉛(qian)鋅多金屬硫化礦中的(de)銅礦物嵌(qian)布顆粒細，而且還(huan)有部分次(ci)生(sheng)銅，其(qi)中部分鉛(qian)礦物的(de)可浮性與黃銅礦相近。根據(ju)這(zhe)些(xie)特點，三門峽市(shi)黃金設計院進行多方(fang)案(an)的(de)探(tan)索對比試(shi)驗。
經詳細的(de)工藝(yi)(yi)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)及條件試驗(yan)，該(gai)設(she)計(ji)院(yuan)確(que)(que)定銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)等可(ke)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)采用(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)粗(cu)(cu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)掃(sao)(sao)，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)采用(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)粗(cu)(cu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)精(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)掃(sao)(sao)，鉛(qian)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)選(xuan)采用(yong)(yong)二(er)粗(cu)(cu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)精(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)掃(sao)(sao)，鋅(xin)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)選(xuan)采用(yong)(yong)二(er)粗(cu)(cu)三精(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)掃(sao)(sao)的(de)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)結(jie)構，同時確(que)(que)定各部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)粗(cu)(cu)選(xuan)作業的(de)較(jiao)佳(jia)工藝(yi)(yi)條件，較(jiao)終確(que)(que)定的(de)較(jiao)佳(jia)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)選(xuan)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)方(fang)案是銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)等可(ke)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)-銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)再(zai)磨(mo)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)-鉛(qian)鋅(xin)依次浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)選(xuan)，該(gai)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)選(xuan)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)技術(shu)具有如下(xia)工藝(yi)(yi)特點：一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是根(gen)據礦石特點，采用(yong)(yong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)等可(ke)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)-銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)再(zai)磨(mo)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)-鉛(qian)鋅(xin)依次浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)選(xuan)的(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)工藝(yi)(yi)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)，充分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)利用(yong)(yong)礦物間的(de)自然可(ke)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)性差異，使部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)可(ke)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)性好的(de)方(fang)鉛(qian)礦與銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)礦物一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起上(shang)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，避免了浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)選(xuan)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)“強拉(la)強壓”，降低(di)了銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)難(nan)度和藥劑(ji)成本(ben)，獲得(de)了較(jiao)好的(de)選(xuan)礦指(zhi)標；二(er)是銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)等可(ke)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)作業可(ke)以提高銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)粗(cu)(cu)選(xuan)回收率，獲得(de)較(jiao)好的(de)技術(shu)指(zhi)標，使后續銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)的(de)難(nan)度大大降低(di)。
此(ci)外，銅(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)再(zai)磨分離作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)采用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)浮銅(tong)(tong)工(gong)藝(yi)，添加(jia)綠色環(huan)(huan)保的(de)(de)(de)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)礦物(wu)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)劑(ji)NY-89，實現了銅(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)礦物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)效分離。銅(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)礦物(wu)分離是(shi)(shi)(shi)銅(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)鋅多金屬硫(liu)化礦分選(xuan)中較(jiao)為(wei)典型的(de)(de)(de)難題之(zhi)一，抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)浮銅(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)較(jiao)為(wei)常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)，此(ci)工(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵在(zai)于(yu)選(xuan)擇(ze)合適的(de)(de)(de)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)劑(ji)。目(mu)前的(de)(de)(de)抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)劑(ji)主要有重鉻(ge)(ge)酸(suan)(suan)鉀、亞硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)、硫(liu)化鈉、羧甲基纖維素等。其(qi)中，重鉻(ge)(ge)酸(suan)(suan)鉀容(rong)(rong)易(yi)(yi)污染(ran)環(huan)(huan)境，對水(shui)體(ti)和土壤(rang)容(rong)(rong)易(yi)(yi)造成巨大(da)破壞，而(er)且(qie)之(zhi)后不容(rong)(rong)易(yi)(yi)處理，所以一般不宜采用(yong)(yong)。用(yong)(yong)其(qi)他(ta)幾種(zhong)藥劑(ji)試(shi)驗對比后發現，亞硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)和NY-89是(shi)(shi)(shi)性能(neng)較(jiao)好的(de)(de)(de)藥劑(ji)，能(neng)較(jiao)好地進行(xing)銅(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)混合精礦的(de)(de)(de)分離，美(mei)中不足的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)亞硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)在(zai)現場不易(yi)(yi)制(zhi)備和儲存，且(qie)其(qi)放出的(de)(de)(de)二氧(yang)化硫(liu)氣體(ti)會對浮選(xuan)分離的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)環(huan)(huan)境造成負面影響，而(er)NY-89對環(huan)(huan)境沒有傷(shang)害，且(qie)對方(fang)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)礦抑(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)強、無(wu)毒、綠色、環(huan)(huan)保，是(shi)(shi)(shi)銅(tong)(tong)鉛(qian)(qian)(qian)再(zai)磨分離作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)較(jiao)為(wei)合適的(de)(de)(de)藥劑(ji)選(xuan)擇(ze)之(zhi)一。
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